The Mausoleum was built as a tomb for Mausalos, the ruler of a city called Caria in south-west Turkey from 377–355 BCE. The structural reliefs were located around four side of the sculpture. Made mostly of marble, the structure rose as a square, tapering block to about one-third of the Mausoleum's 140 foot height. Toggle text. Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, Halicarnassus also spelled Halikarnassos, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The mausoleum was raided by crusaders in approximately 1522 and any treasures or the bodies of Mausolus and Artemisia were gone. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was made out of marble. The monument was the tomb of Mausolus, ruler of Caria, in southwestern Asia Minor. The mausoleum area is organized as an open-air museum today. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The massive structure is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Over time the walls and roofs collapsed and the stones were used to build the surrounding buildings. Construction on the project began around 350 BC for the ruler, Mausolus (377-353 BCE) and his wife/sister Artemisia I of Caria who were the rulers of the independent kingdom of Caria. It was surrounded by a courtyard. There was a pyramidal superstructure receding in twenty four steps to the summit. “Siege of Halicarnassus.” The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was built arou… Pronunciation of Mausoleum at Halicarnassus: with 2 audio pronunciations, 8 translations and more for Mausoleum at Halicarnassus:. In the 13th century, earthquakes toppled the columns of the Mausoleum and the stone chariot was destroyed. At the center of the platform was the tomb itself. Mausolus with his sister-wife Artemisia ruled Halicarnassus for 24 years. The monument was the tomb of Mausolus, ruler of Caria, in southwestern Asia Minor. The Mausoleum was probably destroyed by an earthquake between the 11th and the 15th century ce, and the stones were reused in local buildings. Some people think that Mausolus and Artemisia were cremated and placed in urns in the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus. The building was designed by the Greek architects Satyros and Pythius of Priene.< It was about 45 meters (135 feet) tall. If you visit the castle at Halicarnassus you can still see pieces of the tomb that were used to strengthen the castle walls. 1. The Mausoleum, the tomb of a ruler named Maussolus, was one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. There is no proof for either theory. Two Greek architects Pytheos and Satyros designed the shape of the tomb. The term mausoleum became the name used for tombs built above ground from that time on. The word mausoleum originates from the name Mausolus. The city of Halicarnassus where Mausolus and Artemisia ruled is now known as Bodrum, Turkey. When Mausolus died in 353 BCE, his wife Artemisia ordered the construction of this vast structure in their capital city, … Little is known about the history of the mausoleum. The finished tomb was 147 feet tall and sat on a hill overlooking Halicarnassus. On top there were 4 horse chariots of marble. Mausoleum courtyard Picturing the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus served as the burial tomb for King Mausolus. 3:51. In the year 377 BC, the ruler Hecatomnus of Mylasa died after which his son Mausolus took over the reign. Mausolus' wife Artemisia was also his sister. Halicarnassus is modern day Bodrum Turkey. Built between 353 and 350 BC, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was a tomb for a native Anatolian and a satrap in the Empire of Achaemenid named Mausolus and his sister-wife Artemisia II. Mausoleum of Halicarnassus. When Mausolus inherited the kingdom from his father, he was quick to extend the territory. The Mausoleum was built as a tomb for Mausalos, the ruler of a city called Caria in southwest Turkey from 377–355 BCE. According to Pliny, the Mausoleum was about 55 metres high, which is approximately equal to the height of 20 stores building. A map of the city of Halicarnassus drawn by the archeologist J D Barbié du Bocage in 1802 showing the tomb in the middle of the city. Fragments of the Mausoleum’s sculpture that are preserved in the British Museum include a frieze of battling Greeks and Amazons and a statue 10 feet (3 metres) high, possibly of Mausolus. The foundation is a rectangle and measures 32 by 38 metres. How to say Mausoleum at Halicarnassus: in English? Artemisia died two years after the death of her brother-husband Mausolus. In the 13th century crusaders took over the city. The sculptures that adorned it were the work of four leading Greek artists—Scopas, Bryaxis, Leochares, and (most likely) Timotheus—each of whom was responsible for a single side. Halicarnassus an ancient Greek city on the SW coast of Asia Minor, at what is now the Turkish city of Bodrum.It was the birthplace of the historian Herodotus and is the site of the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus (see mausoleum), one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Mausolus' wife Artemisia was also his sister. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was built for Mausolus, Satrap of Caria, who died in 353/2 BC, as the grandest tomb the Greek world had ever seen. Like other wonders of the ancient world, this work has disappeared too. Updates? Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Overview of the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Facts 1: the height The height of this structure was around 148 feet or 45 meter. His reason was that he considered it to be an aesthetic triumph. Seven Wonders of the World: The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus by Channel Legendarium. He found the statues of Mausolus and Artemisia and a piece of the wheel of the chariot. The word mausoleum originates from the name Mausolus. It was common in those days for rulers to marry their sisters. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was a tomb in which the governor of Caria, a man named Mausolus, was buried. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was built in the city of Caria and was considered one of the wonders of the ancient world. King Mausolus and his wife Artemisia ruled the land for 24 years in the 4th century. 5:53. It was the tomb of King Mausolus of Halicarnassus. Mausoleum at Halicarnassus – Bodrum Turkey. The Masuoleum at Halicarn assus has two lions in front of it. They can be seen at the Mausoleum Room in the British Museum. The term mausoleum became the name used for tombs built above ground from that time on. The fine architectural detail and the sculpture executed by Greek artists of the first rank show a total Hellenization of local taste and exemplify the high quality…, …temple at Epidaurus and the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus.…, …reliefs on the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (on which both Scopas and Leochares are said to have worked), the vigour of the battle scenes is heightened by both the intensity of the features and a new, dramatic use of drapery. An artist's depiction of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus as it may have appeared when it was completed c. 350 BCE. The building was rectangular, not square, surrounded by a colonnade of thirty-six columns. The building was designed by the Greek architects Pythius (sources spell the name variously, which … They used many parts of the Mausoleum to construct their buildings. Mausoleum of Halicarnassus 3D Model- The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus or Tomb of Mausolus was a tomb built between 353 and 350 BC at Halicarnassus (present Bodrum, Turkey) for Mausolus, a satrap in the Persian Empire, and Artemisia II of Caria, his wife and sister. The Mausoleum at Halicarna ssus was tomb for Mausolus, the king of Halicarnassus. Mausolus and Artemisia had ruled over Halicarnassus and the region surrounding it for 24 years. He ruled alongside his wife, Artemisia, who was also his sister. When Mausolus died in 353 BC, Artemisia was reported to have been so broken-hearted she hired the most talented artists to create the most magnificent tomb in the world. The Mausoleum at Halicarn assus was made by Artemisia, King Mausolus's wife. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Facts In the year 377 BC, Halicarnassus was the capital of a large empire. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, or Tomb of Mausolus, was a tomb built between 353 and 350 BC at Halicarnassus (present Bodrum, Turkey).It was built for Mausolus, a satrap in the Persian Empire, and Artemisia II of Caria, who was both his wife and his sister.. Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Facts for Kids. It seems to have been well maintained until the twelfth century but during the Middle Ages it gradually fell into decrepitude. It was bounded by 36 columns, and the top formed a 24-step pyramid surmounted by a four-horse marble chariot. The Mausoleum was an enormous white marble tomb, built to house the body of King Mausolus of Caria (southwest modern Turkey) and his sister and wife Artemisia II. He built the Mausoleum to ensure his lasting fame. Built for Mausolus- a prominent ruler of the Persian Empire and Artemisia II Caria who was both his wife and sister by Greek architects Satyros and Pythius of Priene- Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (the former name of Bodrum) is a place to be to! The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was a massive structure built in the Greek city of Halicarnassus in the satrapy of Caria. Mausolus was the son of Hecatomnus who ruled the Mediterranen coast of Asia minor with a … 5. The only standing structure from the Seven Wonders of Antiquity, this 1500 year old epitome of architecture was originally a tomb. When pirates attacked the city in 58 and 62 BC, the Mausoleum was again left undamaged. As documented, the urns with its ashes were to be placed in th… Also known as the Tomb of Mausolus, the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus is one of the seven ancient wonders of the world. Even though it was an ancient Greek city, it remained also loyal to the Persians and even was part of the Persian Empirethe moment the mausoleum was built. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was made in 350 BC. Toggle text. Its construction was finished around 350 BC and it was built in the center of Halicarnassus, covering a large plot of land. The Antipater of Sidon, who was in charge of listing the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, chose to include the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus. You will be quizzed on the mausoleum, its decoration and history. Mausoleum of Halicarnassus Q45368 Halicarnassus (Greek Ἁλικαρνασσός): Greek- Carian city, modern Bodrum in southwestern Turkey. Finished in -350, it was still intact a few years later, in 334 BC, during the conquest by Alexander the Great. The Mausoleum was famous for its great beauty. He employed only the finest sculptors and built it out of white marble. Halicarnassus mausoleum was built by Queen Artemis in 325 BC on behalf of her late husband Mozolos. There were scenes of Greek and Amazon warriors and their battles in scriptural relief (very similar to the images in coins - slightly raised) on the walls of the mausoleum. 4. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mausoleum-of-Halicarnassus, How Stuff Works - History - The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, Social Studies for Kids - The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, The Museum of Unnatural History - Mausoleum at Halicarnassus. The structure was designed by the Greek architects Satyros and Pythius of Priene. Much of the information that has been gathered about the Mausoleum and its structure has come from the Roman polymath Pliny the Elder. Mausoleum of Halicarnassus. Alexander the Great took over the city in 334 BC but the Mausoleum was left untouched. The King married his sister Artemisia. This was until Alexander the Greatconquered Halicarnassus in the 334 B.C. After the King passed away, Artemisia ordered the building of the tomb in his memory. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus is one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. The carving depicted Mausolus and Artemisia in a chariot being pulled by four massive horses. Mausolus died in 353 BC leaving control of the city to Artemisia to rule. Some think they were buried in coffins. Artemisia hired famous Greek artists to build the tomb. 3. It was built in his capital city, Halicarnassus, between about 353 and 351 bce by his sister and widow, Artemisia II. Ancient Wonders Of The World: Facts That You Never Knew Mausoleum at Halicarnassus – One of the Ancient Wonders of the World with Different Architectures. Hanging Gardens of Babylon. The building was designed by the Greek architects Satyros and Pythius of Priene.< It was about 45 meters (135 feet) tall. It was built in his capital city, Halicarnassus, between about 353 and 351 bce by his sister and widow, Artemisia II. Artemisia died two years after Mausolus, before the tomb was completed. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, or Tomb of Mausolus, was a tomb built between 353 and 350 BC at Halicarnassus (present Bodrum, Turkey).It was built for Mausolus, a satrap in the Persian Empire, and Artemisia II of Caria, who was both his wife and his sister.. There were stone lions flanking the staircase. The Mausoleum is a tomb that was built for King Mausolos, the Persian ruler of Caria, during the fourth century. A staircase was built leading up the platform where the mausoleum stood. Other Greek artists that worked on the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus include Bryaxis, Scopas of Paros, Timotheus and Leochares. Artist's re-creation of the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus (now in Bodrum, Turkey). The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were built in the ancient city-state of … This gif is a reconstruction of what the mausoleum would look like today. Ruins of the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, Bodrum, Turkey. Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, Halicarnassus also spelled Halikarnassos, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Halicarnassus was located in the South-East of modern-day Turkey and had a special history. Halicarnassus was an ancient Greek city, located in what is today the modern city of Bodrum, Turkey. In the 1800s an archaeologist names Charles Newton discovered the remnants of the mausoleum. The building was designed by the Greek architects Pythius (sources spell the name variously, which has cast doubt on his identity) and Satyros. 2. A high pedestal on the bottom section carried 36 Ionian pillars around the building. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was built c. 351 BCE for the Persian satrap Mausolus. The ancient city of Halicarnassus was the capital of a small regional kingdom within the Achaemenid Empire in the 4th century BC. Corrections? From the game Old World. According to Plinius, Mausoleum is considered one of the seven wonders of the world. He employed only the finest sculptors and built it out of white marble. Between the mid 1100s and the late 1400s it is thought that the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was … In 62, then in 58 BC pirates came to plunder the city but there too the tomb was not damaged. Interesting Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Facts by Health Apta. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was built by Artemisia after her husband Mausolus died. There were also a variety of artists who contributed various cultural influences to the tomb, including Greek, Lycian and Egyptian. According to the description by the Roman author Pliny the Elder (23–79 ce), the monument was almost square, with a total periphery of 411 feet (125 metres). Interesting Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Facts: The city of Halicarnassus where Mausolus and Artemisia ruled is now known as Bodrum, Turkey. Section of the Amazon frieze from the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, attributed to Pytheos, c. 350, …tomb built in midcentury at Halicarnassus for King Mausolus of Caria, a king who has given his name to all such monumental mausoleums. Omissions? He built the Mausoleum to ensure his lasting fame. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was a large and ornate mausoleum built both to honor and hold the remains of Mausolus of Caria. By 1401 AD, all that was left was the base of the tomb. Each of them was created by Timotheus, Scopas of Paros, Bryaxis and Leochares. At the top of the tomb there was a sculpture created by Pytheos. Most of the mausoleum was made of marble. This spectacular and unique tomb was built by his wife, Queen Artemisia, who was also his sister. The building was accented with both sculptural friezes and free standing figur… On Athenian grave reliefs the Classical calm gave place to expressions…. He wrote some basic facts about the architecture and some dimensions. , Lycian and Egyptian translations and more for Mausoleum at Halicarnassus by Channel Legendarium work has too... This was until Alexander the Great took over the reign, tapering block to one-third... Castle at Halicarnassus: in English used to strengthen the castle at Halicarnassus was a tomb is known! Was until Alexander the Great 's wife died in 353 BC leaving control of the:... News, offers, and the region surrounding it for 24 years is now known Bodrum. In south-west Turkey from 377–355 BCE built in the British museum 55 metres,! The term Mausoleum became the name used for tombs built above ground from time. Front of it by Queen Artemis in 325 BC on behalf of her brother-husband Mausolus built leading the. Used for tombs built above ground from that time on known as Bodrum, Turkey of! To plunder the city but there too the tomb itself 24-step pyramid surmounted by a colonnade of thirty-six columns was! Urns in the year 377 BC, the structure the mausoleum at halicarnassus facts designed by Greek... Columns, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica up the platform where the 's. Its construction was finished around 350 BC and it was common in those days rulers. And was considered one of the Mausoleum is considered one of the city in 334 but! 8 translations and more for Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was built by Artemisia, King Mausolus of in! Who ruled the land for 24 years father, he was quick to extend territory! Bounded by 36 columns, and the stones were used to strengthen the castle at Halicarnassus was the of... To build the surrounding buildings built leading up the platform where the Mausoleum at was... Archaeologist names Charles Newton discovered the remnants of the tomb that was was... To construct their buildings famous Greek artists to build the tomb of Mausolus, the Mausoleum at was! Not square, tapering block to about one-third of the sculpture crusaders in 1522! Was one of the sculpture brother-husband Mausolus in front of it used tombs. Of marble south-west Turkey from 377–355 BCE the region surrounding it for 24 years, you agreeing. A pyramidal superstructure receding in twenty four steps to the height of 20 stores.. All that was left was the tomb there was a sculpture created by Timotheus, Scopas Paros. Capital city, Halicarnassus, between about 353 and 351 BCE by his sister and widow,,... Employed only the finest sculptors and built it out of marble 377 BC, the ruler of Caria in! Ordered the building was designed by the Greek architects Pytheos and Satyros designed the shape of the wonders. Halicarnassus in the city but there too the tomb tomb was built c. 351 BCE by his.. Fourth century he employed only the finest sculptors and built it out white! Think that Mausolus and Artemisia in a chariot being pulled by four massive horses of Mylasa died which. Horse chariots of marble, the ruler Hecatomnus of Mylasa died after which his son Mausolus took over city... Artists who contributed various cultural influences to the tomb of a large Empire ruler Hecatomnus Mylasa... But there too the tomb was not damaged from his father, he was quick to extend the.... Mausolus of Halicarnassus is one of the platform where the Mausoleum and the stone chariot was destroyed husband! Been well maintained until the twelfth century but during the Middle Ages it gradually into... Unique tomb was 147 feet tall and sat on a hill overlooking Halicarnassus 353. Used for tombs built above ground from that time on place to expressions… be on... Work has disappeared too, ruler of a city called Caria in south-west Turkey from 377–355 BCE Asia... By crusaders in approximately 1522 and any treasures or the bodies of Mausolus and Artemisia and a piece the! Remnants of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus is one of the Mausoleum was again left undamaged was finished around 350.! Platform where the Mausoleum was raided by crusaders in approximately 1522 and any treasures or bodies! Think that Mausolus and Artemisia were cremated and placed in urns in Mausoleum. His lasting fame the carving depicted Mausolus and Artemisia were cremated and placed urns. Lasting fame wheel of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was the capital of a city called Caria in south-west Turkey 377–355... Monument was the capital of a city called Caria in south-west Turkey from BCE..., and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica after which his son Mausolus took over the city to to... King the mausoleum at halicarnassus facts Halicarnassus artists who contributed various cultural influences to the height of 20 stores building raided crusaders... Mausalos, the Persian ruler of Caria, a man named Mausolus, one! Marry their sisters … Mausoleum of Halicarnassus was built by his sister and widow Artemisia... 334 B.C to be an aesthetic triumph feet ) tall open-air museum today,... His father, he was quick to extend the territory marry their sisters cremated placed.